How to build a deck: your step by step guide to designing and constructing the ultimate deck

Adding a deck to your home not only extends your living space but also enhances your property’s value. Whether you envision a cosy space for outdoor relaxation or a deck that’s perfect for hosting gatherings, building one can be a rewarding DIY project.

In this comprehensive guide, we’ll provide you with all the essential steps to design and construct the ultimate deck that suits your lifestyle and space.

Building your own deck: Pros and cons of a DIY job

Undertaking a DIY deck-building project comes with its own set of advantages and challenges. By deciding to build your deck, you can save money, customise it to your preferences, and enjoy a sense of accomplishment.

However, it’s essential to weigh the pros and cons comprehensively, as it can be a time-consuming and physically demanding task.

Pros:

• Cost savings: By handling the construction yourself, you can eliminate labour costs, making it a budget-friendly option.
• Customisation: You have the freedom to design and customise your deck according to your exact preferences.
• Personal satisfaction: Completing a DIY deck is rewarding and provides a sense of accomplishment.
• Flexibility: You can work at your own pace and adjust your schedule to accommodate interruptions or other commitments.
• Learning experience: Engaging in a DIY project like deck building is a valuable opportunity to gain construction skills and hands-on experience.

Cons:

• Complexity: DIY deck building can be challenging, especially for beginners or for complex designs.
• Time consuming: DIY projects can be time-consuming, extending the overall duration of the project.
• Quality concerns: Ensuring high-quality results can be challenging for novices, impacting the deck’s longevity and safety.
• Safety issues: Handling tools and heavy materials without proper training can lead to accidents.
• Permitting and inspections: Navigating local regulations and obtaining permits can be complex for DIY builders, leading to potential legal issues and delays.

Step 1: Plan and design your deck

Which materials are best

Before building a deck you must consider the look you wish to achieve, maintenance requirements, and your budget. Consider the pros and cons of hardwoods, treated pine, and composite decking materials.

• Hardwoods such as jarrah, blackbutt, spotted gum and Merbau are extremely durable and highly resilient. You can choose between the warm red-brown tones of Merbau or rich brown jarrah to achieve the look you desire. Upkeep is also a consideration, as hardwoods require a timber finish such as oil to be applied to retain their durability and prevent them from deteriorating.
• Treated pine is a more affordable timber option, and has been treated to withstand decay, fungi and termites. A versatile material, you can leave it to turn grey with weathering or stain it in any colour to suit the look you wish to achieve. It is lightweight and easy to install but needs yearly maintenance to keep it in good condition.
• Composite decking is made from a mix of wood fibres and recycled plastic or fibre cement and is an environmentally friendly alternative to timber. This material comes in various timber tones, and best of all, it requires little upkeep as it does not fade, warp, rot or splinter. All you need to do is occasionally wash it down. Composite decking can be more costly than other decking options.
• Modular decking is another option. These prefabricated panels are easy to install and are available in various timber choices, such as merbau and treated pine. Upkeep depends on which material you choose, but the cost can be more than buying individual boards.

Planning and permits

Before you start any construction, ensure that your local council approves your deck addition. Check for any restrictions regarding height, size, materials, or privacy. It’s important to have the right permits in place and to adhere to local regulations to ensure a smoother building process.

Step 2: Setting out your deck

With your design in hand, you can now set out your deck’s dimensions on the site:

• Mark post locations: Determine where support posts will go, ensuring even spacing. They’ll often connect to concrete footings, which you’ll install later.
• Excavate footing holes: Dig holes for the concrete footings, which should reach below the frost line. These footings provide a stable foundation.

Step 3: Installing posts

Now it’s time to install the posts, which will support your deck’s weight:

• Attach ledger board (if attaching to the house): Secure a ledger board to your house for deck attachment, making sure it’s level.
• Position and secure posts: Position the posts in the footing holes, ensuring they’re plumb. Fill the holes with concrete to anchor the posts. Allow the concrete to set.

Step 4: Installing bearers

The bearers form the key support structure for your deck:

• Place and secure bearers: Attach the bearers to the posts, ensuring they’re level and evenly spaced. These bearers run perpendicular to the joists and create a sturdy foundation.

Step 5: Installing joists

Joists are essential for distributing the load evenly:

• Attach joists: Position the joists parallel to the bearers. Secure them to the bearers, maintaining consistent spacing.

Step 6: Laying the deck

The final step is to add the decking material:

• Start with decking boards: Lay the first decking board perpendicular to the joists. Use screws to secure it firmly.
• Maintain spacing: To maintain even spacing between boards, use spacers or a specialised deckboard tool.
• Continue attaching boards: Keep attaching boards until the entire surface is covered. Cut boards as needed to fit the edges.

With your deck built, you can now apply a protective finish like a deck sealer or stain to enhance its durability and appearance. Regularly inspect and clean your deck to ensure it remains in good condition.

Keep in mind that deck building may take time, especially for beginners. Don’t hesitate to seek guidance from experienced builders or online resources as needed. Building a deck is a rewarding project that will enhance your outdoor living space.

Ready to build a deck?

Building a deck is a fulfilling DIY project that can elevate your outdoor living space and add value to your home. With careful planning, the right materials, and precise execution, you can create the ultimate deck tailored to your lifestyle and preferences.

Whether you’re constructing a space for relaxation or outdoor gatherings, your deck can become a cherished and functional part of your home.